cognitive distortion

Labelling

This is not a diagnosis or a personality trait. If you recognise yourself here, it is an invitation to gently check for other explanations rather than to label yourself.

What it is

A particular action or difficulty becomes a broad, fixed definition of a person.

How it arises and is maintained

A label saves effort: instead of analysing the action, the mind immediately «recognises» a type of person. The distortion arises when the action and the person merge into one definition, often a negative one. It is sustained by a habit of self-evaluation through actions and by experience where significant adults labelled instead of discussing behaviour.

How it may sound

  • «I forgot the meeting, so I am an irresponsible person.»
  • «She disagreed with me, so she is selfish.»

Soft signs in yourself

  • After an action, the definition «I am this kind of person» appears immediately.
  • It is hard to separate behaviour from a person's character.
  • The label sounds final, without «today» or «in this case».
  • You place similar labels on both yourself and others.

Questions for a Socratic dialogue

  1. What specific action am I evaluating right now?
  2. How does this action differ from my character as a whole?
  3. If this were about a friend, would you describe them in a single word?
  4. What more accurate description would take both the action and the context into account?

Self-directed exercise

Separate the action from the person

  1. Write the label in the form «I am this» or «he is that».
  2. Describe the specific action without using generalising words.
  3. Formulate a thought that describes the action in context rather than the person's character.
  4. Through the day, notice labels and return to describing the specific action.

Core beliefs it may be linked to

  • ««What I do defines who I am».»
  • ««People do not change».»
  • ««Judging a person as a whole is simpler and safer than analysing an action».»
  • ««If I made a mistake, I am the mistake».»